What is the difference between a domain name registrar and a web hosting provider?

A domain name registrar and a web hosting provider are two distinct entities that serve different purposes in the management and functioning of a website. Here's a breakdown of their roles and differences:

### Domain Name Registrar:

1. **Role**: A domain name registrar is responsible for registering and managing domain names on behalf of customers.
   
2. **Functionality**:
   - **Registration**: Registrars allow individuals and organizations to purchase domain names (e.g., example.com) for use on the internet.
   - **Management**: They provide tools and interfaces to manage domain settings such as DNS records, contact information, and renewal options.
   - **Authorization**: Registrars issue authorization codes (EPP codes) for domain transfers between registrars.
   - **WHOIS Records**: They maintain WHOIS databases containing contact details of domain registrants.

3. **Examples**: Popular domain registrars include GoDaddy, Namecheap, Google Domains, and others.

### Web Hosting Provider:

1. **Role**: A web hosting provider offers services and technologies needed for a website to be accessible on the internet.
   
2. **Functionality**:
   - **Server Space**: Hosting providers offer server space where website files, databases, and other content are stored.
   - **Website Availability**: They ensure that websites are accessible 24/7 through proper server management and infrastructure.
   - **Email Hosting**: Some providers include email hosting services, allowing users to create domain-specific email addresses (e.g., [email protected]).
   - **Security**: Hosting providers often offer security features like SSL certificates, firewalls, and backups.
   - **Technical Support**: They provide customer support for issues related to hosting services and server maintenance.

3. **Examples**: Leading web hosting providers include Bluehost, HostGator, SiteGround, and many others.

### Key Differences:

- **Purpose**: A domain registrar primarily manages domain names, while a web hosting provider manages the server infrastructure required to host websites and associated services.
 
- **Services Offered**: Registrars focus on domain registration, management tools, and domain-related services (like WHOIS privacy). Hosting providers focus on server management, website uptime, storage, security, and technical support.

- **Dependency**: While you need both a domain name and web hosting to have a functional website, they are independent services. You can purchase a domain name from one registrar and host your website with a different hosting provider.

- **Integration**: Often, registrars offer hosting services, and hosting providers may offer domain registration, but these are additional services beyond their core offerings.

In summary, a domain name registrar handles the registration and management of domain names, while a web hosting provider offers server space and infrastructure to host websites and associated services. Understanding these roles helps website owners make informed decisions when setting up and managing their online presence.